What are Secure Transforms

Secure transforms are simply transforms that are kept in a place where the user does not have write access. This might be the root of the location where an administrative installation of the package has been performed (Secure-at-Source transforms). It might also be a share or full path elsewhere on the network (Secure-Full-Path transforms).


You can indicate that the Installer should use secure transforms by special
characters in the TRANSFORMS property (discussed in the next section) or by setting the TransformsSecure or TransformsAtSource properties within the Installer database to 1.


When the Installer uses a secure transform, it will cache a copy of that transform locally. If the local copy becomes lost or damaged, it will restore it only from the original location.

INSTALLLEVEL Property in MSI

Below are the list of features present in MSI and their Levels are highlighted

Now, Lets goto Property Table and locate property INSTALLLEVEL, its value is 100

We can disable a feature by changing its Level value higher than INSTALLLEVEL value.


In the following snapshot HPIO feature level is set to 110 and hence it is disabled.

MSI Upgrade Table

The Upgrade table contains information that’s used when an Installer database is used to make a major upgrade to an existing product. This table contains following columns:

UpgradeCode:

The UpgradeCode property in this column specifies the upgrade code of all products that are to be detected by the FindRelatedProducts action. Unlike the ProductCode, different products may share the same UpgradeCode.

VersionMin:

This column specifies the minimum version to be upgraded. Lower boundary of the range of product versions detected by FindRelatedProducts. A null value means there is no lower bound on the version to be upgraded.

VersionMax:

This column specifies the maximum version to be upgraded. Upper boundary of the range of product versions detected by the FindRelatedProducts action. A null value means there is no upper bound on the version to be upgraded.

Language:

This column contains the set of languages detected by FindRelatedProducts that are to be upgraded and are separated by semicolons. A null value means that any language can be upgraded.

Attributes:

This column can contain any combination of the bit flags as shown in below tables:

Bit flag ( decimal)	Attribute
1	To enable the MigrateFeatureStates action
2	To detect but not change previous versions
4	To install the new version even if the old version can’t be removed
256	To include VersionMin in the versions upgraded
512	To include VersionMax in the version to be upgraded
1024	To upgrade all languages except those listed in the Language column

Remove:

This column contains a comma-delimited set of names of existing features to be removed.

ActionProperty:

When the FindRelatedProducts action detects a related product installed on the system, it appends the product code to the property specified in this field. The property specified in this column must be a public property and the package author must add the property to the SecureCustomProperties property. Each row in the Upgrade table must have a unique ActionProperty value. After FindRelatedProducts, the value of this property is a list product codes, separated by semicolons (;), detected on the system. 

MSI Registry Table

This table holds all the miscellaneous (that is, not directly related to COM or COM+) information that the Installer needs to write to the Registry to install the application. The Registry table is used by the WriteRegistryValues action. This table contains the following columns:

Registry:

This column is an arbitrary key for the table which is used to identify a registry record.

Root:

This column indicates the Registry hive to be written to. It must have one of the values shown in below table.

Constant	Value	Explanation
None (Empty)	-1	i) For a per-user installation, writes to HKEY_CURRENT_USER. ii) For a per-machine installation, Writes to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
msidbRegistryRootClassesRoot	0	HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
msidbRegistryRootCurrentUser	1	HKEY_CURRENT_USER
msidbRegistryRootLocalMachine	2	HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
msidbRegistryRootUsers	3	HKEY_USERS

Key:

The Registry key to be written.

Name:

This column contains the name of the Registry value being written. If the column is null, then the value is written to the default for the Registry key. If the Value column is null, then this column should contain one of the special characters

Special Character	Corresponding Action
+	To create the key when the component is Installed.
-	To delete the key when the component is uninstalled
*	To create the key on installation and delete it on uninstallation

Value:

This is the actual data to write to the Registry value.

Special Character.	Meaning
If the value starts with #x	Stored as a hexadecimal value.
If the value starts with #%	Stored as an expandable string.
If the value starts with #	Stored as an integer.
The special string [~] is stored as a null.	If this string occurs, the value is stored as a list of strings.
If the string starts with [~]	The value is appended to any existing value.
If the string ends with [~]	The value is prepended to any existing value.
If the value starts with ##	Stored as a string starting with a single # sign.

Component:

This is a foreign key to the Component table that identifies the component controlling this Registry operation.

MSI Shortcut Table

Shortcut table holds the information the application needs, to create shortcuts on the user's computer. Shortcut table has the following columns:

Shortcut:

This column contains the name of the shortcut.

Directory:

This column specifies the directory in which the Shortcut file is created.

Name:

The localizable name of the shortcut to be created

Component:

 This column references to the name of the component that contains the shortcut.

Target:

The value in this column varies for advertised and non-advertised shortcuts. For advertised shortcuts the value in this column references to the Feature which contains the component that owns the shortcut. And in the case of non-advertised shortcuts the value in this column will be formatted string, and this particular formatted string will a folder or file containing the shortcut. To convert the non-advertised shortcuts into advertised shortcut resolve the formatted string to its full path.

 Arguments:

This particular column references to the command-line arguments for the shortcut.

Description:

This column refers to the description of the shortcut.

Hotkey:

Authors of installation packages are generally recommended not to set this option, because the setting of this option can add duplicate hotkeys to a user's desktop.

Icon:

This is a foreign key to the Icon table. If this is null, the icon in the target file is used.

IconIndex:

This must be a non negative integer.

ShowCmd:

The Show command for the application window.

Value	Style
1	SW_SHOWNORMAL
3	SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED
7	SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE

WKDir: This column contains the working directory of the shortcut.

Directory table contains all the directories in an msi file. A directory can have a parent and child directories. If the parent or child directory of any directory is to be modified it can be done through this table. This table also lists all the parent directories of each directory. The Directory table has the following columns:

Directory:

Directory column contains a unique identifier for a directory.

Directory_Parent:

Directory_Parent column is a reference to the directory's parent directory. Directory that has a Directory_Parent column equal to null or equal to the Directory column represents a root directory.

DefaultDir:

This column references to the name of both the target and source directories.

MSI FeatureComponents Table

FeatureComponents table defines the relationship between all the features and components of an msi file. If we have to change the feature of any component it can also be done through this table. For each feature, this table lists all the components that make up that feature. The following are the columns of FeatureComponents table:

 Feature_:

An external key into the first column of the Feature table.

Component_:

An external key into the first column of the Component table

MSI Feature Table

Feature table explains the logical tree structure of features. There should be atleast one feature in every MSI file. And a feature can have a parent and child features also. Feature table contains the list of features that are present in a specific MSI file. The following are the columns of Feature table:

For example suppose there are two features Feature 1 and Feature 2 in a specific msi file.  Suppose ‘Feature 1’ feature is child feature of ‘Feature 2’ feature.

Let us discuss about the feature ‘Feature 1’.

Feature Column:

 It is a Primary key used to identify a particular feature record. Feature column shows Feature 1 as primary key for feature Feature1.

Feature_Parent:

Feature 2 will be its parent feature, since Feature 1 feature is a child feature of Feature 2.

Title:

Title will be the Short string of text identifying the feature. So in this case it will be Feature 1.

Description:

Longer string of text describing the feature. It can be NULL

Display:

     

Value	Appearance in UserInterface
NULL	Feature not displayed
ODD NUMBER	Displayed as expanded
EVEN NUMBER	Displayed as collapsed

Level:

The initial installation level of this feature. An install level of zero disables the item and prevents it from being displayed.

Directory:

Directory_ column specifies the name of a directory that can be configured. In this particular example the Directory is INSTALLDIR.

Directory	Full path
1) INSTALLDIR	C:\ProgramFiles\{Application Name}. Ex: “C:\Program Files\Adobe”. Where Adobe is application name.
2) TargetDir	Ex: “C:\”

Attributes:

This field specifies the remote execution option for features that have not yet been installed and for which no feature state request has been made using any of the properties. If this field is blank, the value defaults to 0. 

ARP related Properties in MSI

Add/Remove Programs related MSI Properties

Property name	Brief description of property
ARPAUTHORIZEDCDFPREFIX	URL of the update channel for the application. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPCOMMENTS	Provides Comments for the Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPCONTACT	Provides the Contact for Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPINSTALLLOCATION	Fully qualified path to the application's primary folder. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPHELPLINK	Internet address, or URL, for technical support. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPHELPTELEPHONE	Technical support phone numbers. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPNOMODIFY	Prevents display of a Change button for the product in Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. Note   This only affects the display in the ARP. The Windows Installer is still capable of repairing, installing-on-demand, and uninstalling applications through a command line or the programming interface. Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 98/95:  Clicking on Add/Remove for the product uninstalls the product after prompting the user to confirm the uninstallation.
ARPNOREMOVE	Prevents display of a Remove button for the product in the Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. The product can still be removed by selecting the Change button if the installation package has been authored with a user interface that provides product removal as an option. Note   This only affects the display in the ARP. The Windows Installer is still capable of repairing, installing-on-demand, and uninstalling applications through a command line or the programming interface. Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 98/95:   This property prevents display of the application in the Programs List of the Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel.
ARPNOREPAIR	Disables the Repair button in the Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. Note   This only affects the display in the ARP. The Windows Installer is still capable of repairing, installing-on-demand, and uninstalling applications through a command line or the programming interface.
ARPPRODUCTICON	Identifies the icon displayed in Add/Remove Programs. If this property is not defined, Add/Remove Programs specifies the display icon.
ARPREADME	Provides the ReadMe for Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPSIZE	Estimated size of the application in kilobytes.
ARPSYSTEMCOMPONENT	Prevents display of the application in the Programs List of the Add/Remove Programs in the Control Panel. Note   This only affects the display in the ARP. The Windows Installer is still capable of repairing, installing-on-demand, and uninstalling applications through a command line or the programming interface. Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 98/95:  This property has no effect.
ARPURLINFOABOUT	URL for application's home page. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.
ARPURLUPDATEINFO	URL for application updates information. The value the installer writes under the Uninstall Registry Key.

MSI Errors List

• 1620: This installation package could not be opened. Contact the application vendor to verify that this is a valid Windows Installer package.
• 1911: Could not register type library for file [2]. Contact your support personnel.
• 1601: The Windows Installer service could not be accessed. Contact your support personnel to verify that the Windows Installer service is properly registered.
• 1605: This action is only valid for products that are currently installed.
• 1601: The Windows Installer Service Could Not Be Accessed
• 1155: File [1] not found
• 1325: ''[2]'' is not a valid short file name.
• 2303: Error getting volume info. GetLastError: [2].
• 2717: Bad action condition or error calling custom action ''[2]''.
• 1613: This installation package cannot be installed by the Windows Installer service. You must install a Windows service pack that contains a newer version of the Windows Installer service.
• 1603: A fatal error occurred during installation.
• 1706: No valid source could be found for product [2].
• 1316: A network error occurred while attempting to read from the file: [2]
• 1723: There is a problem with this Windows Installer package. A DLL required for this install to complete could not be run. Contact your support personnel or package vendor. Action [2], entry: [3], library: [4]
• 2755: Server returned unexpected error [2] attempting to install package [3].
• 1719: Windows Installer service could not be accessed. Contact your support personnel to verify that it is properly registered and enabled.
• 1635: This patch package could not be opened. Verify that the patch package exists and is accessible, or contact the application vendor to verify that this is a valid Windows Installer patch package.
• 1612: The installation source for this product is not available. Verify that the source exists and that you can access it.
• 1601: The Windows Installer service could not be accessed. Contact your support personnel to verify that the Windows Installer service is properly registered.
• 1713: [2] cannot install one of its required products. Contact your technical support group. System Error: [3].
• 1321: The Installer has insufficient privileges to modify this file: [2].